Concept Map 4
Bella is 9 years old and in the 4th grade. Bella’s mother sought treatment due to increasing disruptive behaviors over the past year, including non-compliance, physical aggression toward peers, and frequent behavioral meltdowns which resembled the temper tantrums of a much younger child. Tantrums included screaming, yelling, slamming doors, and crying. Bella and her mother both noted that it was difficult for Bella to “move on” when something angered her. She also noted that Bella had an underlying irritable mood, manifesting as Bella appearing “cranky” most of the time and the family feeling they needed to “walk on eggshells” to avoid upset. At school, at least one phone call home per week was being placed due to Bella’s refusal to comply or sometimes to even speak to her teacher for days at a time. Bella and her mother noted that Bella was generally well-liked by peers and teachers, given that she was hardworking and funny, yet her current disruptive behaviors were causing significant interference in making new friends and meeting academic goals. 
Concept Map Information
What is the Main diagnosis for Mary Rose? 
What are the Key symptoms?
What differential diagnoses did you consider and why? 
What is your treatment recommendation and why? 
What is the Prognosis?
FORMAT OF CONCEPT MAP ( PLEASE IS EXTREMELY NEEDED USED AS FORMAT EXPLAIN)
Concept maps are visual representations of information. They can be charts, graphic organizers, tables, flowcharts, Venn Diagrams, timelines, or T-charts. 
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DUE DATE JULY 4, 2023
ANSWER
Concept Map for Bella’s Case
Main Diagnosis: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
Key Symptoms:
Non-compliance
Irritable mood
Frequent temper tantrums
Difficulty moving on from anger
Refusal to comply with authority figures
Differential Diagnoses:
Conduct Disorder (CD): CD is a more severe form of ODD, characterized by a persistent pattern of antisocial behavior. Bella’s behavior does not meet the criteria for CD, as she does not have a history of aggression towards people or property, nor does she engage in delinquent behaviors such as stealing or lying.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): ADHD is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Bella does not have any significant difficulties with inattention or hyperactivity.
Anxiety Disorders: Anxiety disorders can present with similar symptoms to ODD, such as irritability, temper tantrums, and non-compliance. However, anxiety disorders are characterized by excessive fear or worry, which Bella does not appear to experience.
Treatment Recommendations:
Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT): PCIT is a highly effective evidence-based treatment for ODD. PCIT teaches parents how to positively interact with their child and how to respond to disruptive behaviors in a consistent and effective manner.
Individual Therapy: Individual therapy can be helpful for Bella to learn how to manage her anger and frustration, and to develop coping skills for dealing with difficult situations.
Medication: Medication may be considered for Bella if her symptoms are severe and not responding to other treatments. However, medication should be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as PCIT or individual therapy.
Prognosis:
The prognosis for ODD is generally good with early intervention and treatment. Most children with ODD outgrow their symptoms by adolescence. However, if ODD is not treated, it can lead to other problems such as conduct disorder, substance abuse, and academic difficulties.
Reference:
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.
Format of Concept Map
The following is a sample concept map for Bella’s case:
Central Node: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
Branches:
* Key Symptoms
* Non-compliance
* Irritable mood
* Frequent temper tantrums
* Difficulty moving on from anger
* Refusal to comply with authority figures
* Differential Diagnoses
* Conduct Disorder (CD)
* Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
* Anxiety Disorders
* Treatment Recommendations
* Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT)
* Individual Therapy
* Medication
* Prognosis
* Generally good with early intervention and treatment
This concept map is a visual representation of the key information about Bella’s case. It is easy to read and understand, and it can be helpful for Bella’s treatment team to develop a treatment plan.
Sources
shakespir.com/ebook/current-and-emerging-issues-persepectives-from-students-at-the-university-of-tul-94396